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Ocular Oncology

Ocular Oncology

Ocular oncology is a specialized branch of medicine dedicated to diagnosing and treating eye cancers and tumours affecting the eye and its surrounding structures. These conditions can be life-threatening and sight-threatening, making early detection and treatment crucial. Ocular oncology deals with both benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) tumours that can develop in the eye, eyelids, or orbit (the tissues around the eye).

Common Types of Eye Cancers and Tumours

  1. Uveal Melanoma: The most common primary eye cancer in adults, uveal melanoma arises from the pigmented cells in the uvea, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This type of cancer can be aggressive and may spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. Treatment options include radiation therapy, laser therapy, or surgery.
  2. Retinoblastoma: Retinoblastoma is a rare but serious eye cancer that primarily affects children. It develops in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, and can cause white reflections in the pupil, vision problems, and eye swelling. Early detection is critical to preserve vision and prevent the spread of cancer.
  3. Conjunctival Tumours: Tumours of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye, can range from benign growths like pterygium to malignant tumours like conjunctival melanoma. These tumours can cause redness, irritation, and growth on the surface of the eye, requiring prompt evaluation and removal.
  4. Eyelid Tumours: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of eyelid cancer, often caused by excessive UV exposure. It usually appears as a painless lump or sore that does not heal. Treatment often involves surgical removal of the tumour to prevent further spread and preserve the function of the eyelid.
  5. Orbital Tumours: Tumours that form in the orbit, or the bony cavity around the eye, can be either benign or malignant. They may cause the eye to bulge, vision changes, or pain. Orbital tumours often require advanced imaging techniques for diagnosis and may be treated with surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy.

Diagnostic Tools and Treatment Options

Our ocular oncology specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to detect and evaluate tumours, including:

  • Ultrasound imaging
  • MRI and CT scans
  • Fluorescein angiography
  • Biopsy

Treatment options are tailored to each patient and may include:

  • Surgical removal of tumours
  • Radiation therapy (e.g., brachytherapy or external beam radiation)
  • Laser therapy to destroy cancerous cells
  • Chemotherapy for systemic or metastatic cancer

Comprehensive Ocular Oncology Care

Our ocular oncology team provides compassionate, cutting-edge care to manage both the medical and emotional challenges that come with an eye cancer diagnosis. From early detection and diagnosis to treatment and follow-up care, we are committed to preserving vision and protecting overall health. Our multidisciplinary approach ensures that you receive the most effective treatment, with an emphasis on minimizing the impact on your vision and quality of life.

If you have been diagnosed with or are concerned about an eye tumour, our specialists are here to guide you through every step of your treatment journey.